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顯示具有 listview 標籤的文章。 顯示所有文章

2017年2月11日 星期六

ListView 與 RecyclerView 解決滑動問題 (Solve scrolling problems)

在寫Android 程式中,不管做清單還是客製化List,都會想要紀錄所選到的值,滑動的過程中在Android 的緩存機制裡,會進行回收至緩存即從緩存中讀取(這邊不細談),所以導致在回收的過程中可能點選位置1後,往下滑卻發現位置12也勾選起來了!我想大部分的人都有遇過這些問題,問題就是控制項沒有初始化以及對控制的位置儲存值,以上述來看,位置12出現的過程中是復用位置1,所以位置12的初始值就會跟位置1一樣,講了這麼多,就來看看如何為這些位置儲存。
最下面有程式碼下載分享

1.初始化控制項:創建一個Model class 來記住值
我客製化的Listview 有 TextView 及 CheckBox

Model.java 

public class ModelBean {

 private String name;
 private boolean selected;

 public ModelBean(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
 
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }

 public boolean isSelected() {
 return selected;
 }

 public void setSelected(boolean selected) {
 this.selected = selected;
 }

2.實作

RecyclerView 的作法

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity{


public ListView list_service;
private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
private RecyclerView.LayoutManager mLayoutManager;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recycle_list);
// use this setting to improve performance if you know that changes
// in content do not change the layout size of the RecyclerView
mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity());
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);
RecycleAdapter adapter = new RecycleAdapter(getContext(),getModel());
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}

private List<ModelBean> getModel() {
 list.add(new ModelBean("Linux"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("Windows7"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("Suse"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("Eclipse"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("Ubuntu"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("Solaris"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("Android"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("iPhone"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("Java"));
 list.add(new ModelBean(".Net"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("PHP"));
 list.add(new ModelBean("ios"));
 return list;
}

 private class RecycleAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>{
 private List<ModelBean> mlist;
 private LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater;

 public RecycleAdapter(Context context, List<ModelBean> list) {
 this.mlist = list;
 mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
 }

 public class ViewHolder0 extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
 TextView tv_content;
 CheckBox cb;
 public ViewHolder0(View itemView) {
 super(itemView);
 tv_content = (TextView)itemView.findViewById(R.id.service_content);
 cb = (CheckBox)itemView.findViewById(R.id.cb_service);
  }
 }

 @Override
 public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
 if(viewType == 0){
 View v = mLayoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.service_list, parent, false);
 return new ViewHolder0(v);
  }
 }

 @Override
 public void onBindViewHolder(final RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
 if (holder instanceof ViewHolder0){
 ((ViewHolder0)holder).tv_content.setText(mlist.get(position).getName());
 //in some cases, it will prevent unwanted situations
 ((ViewHolder0)holder).cb.setOnCheckedChangeListener(null);
 //if true, your checkbox will be selected, else unselected
 ((ViewHolder0)holder).cb.setChecked(mlist.get(position).isSelected());
 ((ViewHolder0)holder).cb.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener()
   {
    @Override public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked)
    { mlist.get(holder.getAdapterPosition()).setSelected(isChecked);}
   });
  }
 }

 @Override
 public int getItemCount() {
 return mlist.size();
 }

 @Override
 public int getItemViewType(int position) {
 return 0;
  }
 }
}

ListView 作法

MyAdapter.java

public class MyAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Model> {

 private final List<Model> list;
 private final Activity context;
 boolean checkAll_flag = false;
 boolean checkItem_flag = false;

 public MyAdapter(Activity context, List<Model> list) {
 super(context, R.layout.row, list);
 this.context = context;
 this.list = list;
 }
 
 static class ViewHolder {
 protected TextView text;
 protected CheckBox checkbox;
 }
 
 @Override
 public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 
 ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
 if (convertView == null) {
 LayoutInflater inflator = context.getLayoutInflater();
 convertView = inflator.inflate(R.layout.row, null);
 viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
 viewHolder.text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.label);
 viewHolder.checkbox = (CheckBox) convertView.findViewById(R.id.check);
 viewHolder.checkbox.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {

 @Override
 public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
 int getPosition = (Integer) buttonView.getTag(); // Here we get the position that we have set for the checkbox using setTag.
 list.get(getPosition).setSelected(buttonView.isChecked()); // Set the value of checkbox to maintain its state.
 }
 });
 convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
 convertView.setTag(R.id.label, viewHolder.text);
 convertView.setTag(R.id.check, viewHolder.checkbox);
 } else {
 viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
 }
 viewHolder.checkbox.setTag(position); // This line is important.
 
 viewHolder.text.setText(list.get(position).getName());
 viewHolder.checkbox.setChecked(list.get(position).isSelected()); 
 
 return convertView;
 }
}

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener{
 
 ListView listView;
 ArrayAdapter<Model> adapter;
 List<Model> list = new ArrayList<Model>();
 
 public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
 super.onCreate(icicle);
 setContentView(R.layout.main);
 
 listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.my_list);
 adapter = new MyAdapter(this,getModel());
 listView.setAdapter(adapter);
 listView.setOnItemClickListener(this);
 }
 
 @Override
 public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View v, int position, long arg3) {
 TextView label = (TextView) v.getTag(R.id.label);
 CheckBox checkbox = (CheckBox) v.getTag(R.id.check);
 Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), label.getText().toString()+" "+isCheckedOrNot(checkbox), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
 }
 
 private String isCheckedOrNot(CheckBox checkbox) {
 if(checkbox.isChecked())
 return "is checked";
 else
 return "is not checked";
 }

 private List<Model> getModel() {
 list.add(new Model("Linux"));
 list.add(new Model("Windows7"));
 list.add(new Model("Suse"));
 list.add(new Model("Eclipse"));
 list.add(new Model("Ubuntu"));
 list.add(new Model("Solaris"));
 list.add(new Model("Android"));
 list.add(new Model("iPhone"));
 list.add(new Model("Java"));
 list.add(new Model(".Net"));
 list.add(new Model("PHP"));
 list.add(new Model("ios"));
 return list;
 }
}
仔細看程式碼會發現不管是ListView或RecyclerView在ViewHolder裡除了一開始的findview以外,
就是從初始過後的Model要值,然後值有變就會儲存在Model裡,當被回收又再次從緩存裡拿出來
變會從Model裡拿值。

附上ListView程式碼
https://github.com/andy086912597/ListViewCheckBox

歡迎大家有問題互相討論

references
http://blog.csdn.net/guolin_blog/article/details/44996879
https://dev.qq.com/topic/5811d3e3ab10c62013697408
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/32427889/checkbox-in-recyclerview-keeps-on-checking-different-items
http://lalit3686.blogspot.tw/2012/06/today-i-am-going-to-show-how-to-deal.html


2016年11月26日 星期六

Android RecyclerView Introduce & Implement 介紹&實作

大部分的開發者對於ListView應該不陌生吧,但是今天要來介紹的是RecyclerView,Android是一個不斷進化的平台,Android 5.0的v7版本支持包中引入了新的RecyclerView控制項,正如官方文檔所言,RecyclerView是ListView的豪華增強版。它主要包含以下幾處新的特性,如ViewHolder,ItemDecorator,LayoutManager,SmothScroller以及增加或刪除item時item動畫等。官方推薦我們採用RecyclerView來取代ListView。

優點:



1) ViewHolder Pattern

在很多的ListView 範例中,常常會看到ViewHolder的使用,因為在ListView中有時候會大量的加載View,這樣會造成記憶體浪費,影響性能,這時候就可以使用ViewHolder 靜態類別方法的設計方法,避免造成過多的記憶體浪費,那在RecylerView 中強制要使用ViewHolder,雖然可能會變得比較複雜一點,但是我們在ListView中所遇到的一些問題都被更有效率的解決!
可以參考這篇ViewHolder用法
2) LayoutManager

ListView只提供垂直的上下滑動,不能水平滑動等,現在使用RecylerView提供了3種
i.   LinearLayoutManager         支援水平或垂直的清單(lists)
ii.  StaggeredLayoutManager  支援拼貼樣式像是交錯的清單
iii. GridLayoutManager            支援呈現網格像是圖集的清單
最好的一件事是我們可以動態地做我們想要呈現的layout
3) Item Animator
LisrView 缺少好的動畫,但是RecyclerView 帶來全新的動畫方式,藉由RecyclerView.ItemAnimator 類別,動畫的呈現變得更簡單於直觀,可以在添加刪除或移動項目時做動畫

4) Item Decoration
在ListView中,動態地裝飾項目像是增加界線或是分隔線都是不容易的,但是在RecyclerView的 RecyclerView.ItemDecorator 類別給予開發者很大的控制彈性,但卻也會造成更多的時間浪費與複雜
5) OnItemTouchListener
在ListView中點擊項目的動作是很簡單的,多虧有了 AdapterView.OnItemClickListenerinterface,
而RecyclerView 藉由RecyclerView.OnItemTouchListener給予開發者更強的控制,卻也變得比較複雜

介紹完我就在下面簡單實作RecyclerView

1:Gradle配置 build.gradle

compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.0.0'

2:建立Main Layout activity_recyclerview.xml



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    
  xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"    
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    
  android:id="@+id/activity_main"    
  android:layout_width="match_parent"    
  android:layout_height="match_parent"    
  tools:context="com.example.yi_an.myrecyleview.MainActivity">
    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView        
      android:id="@+id/myrecycle"        
      android:layout_width="match_parent"        
      android:layout_height="match_parent"
     />

</LinearLayout>
由於測試需要多種item Layout的加載,需要建立2個item layout
3:建立Item 1 Layout
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    
 android:orientation="vertical" 
 android:layout_width="match_parent"    
 android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView        
       android:text="TextView"        
       android:layout_width="match_parent"        
       android:layout_height="wrap_content"        
       android:textSize="20sp"        
       android:id="@+id/textView" />
</LinearLayout>

4:建立Item 2 Layout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    
  android:orientation="vertical" 
  android:layout_width="match_parent"    
  android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <com.example.yi_an.myrecyleview.MySpinner        
        android:id="@+id/button"        
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        
        android:textSize="20sp"        
     />
</LinearLayout>



5:建立Activity跟RecyclerView Adapter
RecyclerView.Adapter 負責提供 child-view 給 RecyclerView 使用,
同時也負責把資料跟 child-view 綁在一起。實際上並不是直接對上 View,
而是對上 ViewHolder。從設計上來看就是強迫使用 ViewHolder pattern 來增加效率。
此抽象類別需要實作這四個 method
  • getItemCount() - Adapter才知道如何儲存資料及回傳有多少筆資料
  • onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewtype) - 現有的 ViewHolder不夠用,要求Adapter產生一個新的viewholder,也可以根據viewtype產生你要的viewholder(對應第四個function)
  • onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder viewholder, int position) - 重用之前產生的 ViewHolder,把特定位置的資料連結上去準備顯示
  • getItemViewType(int) - 根據位置回傳你要View的樣式
 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
    private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
    private RecyclerView.LayoutManager mLayoutManager;
    private MyAdapter mAdapter;
    private String [] myDataset;
    private List<MyItem> myItemList;
    private String [] selectdata;
    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        myDataset  = new String[]{"test","test1","test3","4","5","6","7","8"};
        myItemList = new ArrayList<>();
        MyItem myItem1 = new MyItem("1","select","1/2/3/4/5/6");
        MyItem myItem2 = new MyItem("2","text",null);
       
        myItemList.add(myItem1);
        myItemList.add(myItem2);
       
        selectdata = new String[myItemList.size()];
        mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.myrecycle);
        // use this setting to improve performance if you know that changes        // in content do not change the layout size of the RecyclerView        mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
        mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);

        // specify an adapter (see also next example)        mAdapter = new MyAdapter(this,myItemList);
        mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
    }
}  
private class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>{
        private  String[] mdataset;
        private  List<MyItem> list;
        private  LayoutInflater  mLayoutInflater;

        public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
            public MySpinner mySpinner;
            public ViewHolder(View v) {
                super(v);
                mySpinner = (MySpinner)v.findViewById(R.id.button);
            }
        }

        public class ViewHolder1 extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
            public TextView mTextView;
            public ViewHolder1(View v) {
                super(v);
                mTextView = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.textView);

            }
        }

        public MyAdapter(Context context, List<MyItem> myItem ){           
            list = myItem;
            mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        }


        @Override        
        public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
            Log.d("recycle","onCreateViewHolder");
            if(viewType==0) {
                View v = mLayoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.my_spinner, parent, false);
                return new ViewHolder(v);
            }else {
                View v = mLayoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.my_text_view, parent, false);
                return new ViewHolder1(v);
            }
        }

        @Override        
        public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
            Log.d("recycle","onBindViewHolder");
                Log.d("position",position+"");
                if(holder instanceof ViewHolder){
                    ((ViewHolder) holder).mySpinner.initContent(MainActivity.this,list.get(position).value.split("/"),position);
                    if(selectdata[position]!=null){
                        ((ViewHolder) holder).mySpinner.setText(selectdata[position],null);
                    }
                    for(int x = 0; x<selectdata.length;x++){
                        if(selectdata[x]!=null)
                            Log.d("selectdata",selectdata[x]);
                    }
                }else if(holder instanceof ViewHolder1){
                    ((ViewHolder1) holder).mTextView.setText(list.get(position).value);
                }
        }

        @Override        
        public int getItemViewType(int position) {
            Log.d("recycle","getItemViewType");
            if("select".equals(list.get(position).type)){
                return 0;
            }else{
                return 1;
            }
        }

        @Override        
        public int getItemCount() {
            return list.size();
        }


    }
附上gitgub
https://github.com/andy086912597/MyRecyclerView/tree/master
歡迎大家來討論



(References)
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/28525112/android-recyclerview-vs-listview-with-viewholder
https://read01.com/kE4z2.html